Quick troubleshooting method for automatic biochemical analyzer

1. Definition of fully automatic biochemical analyzer
The so-called fully automatic biochemical analyzer is a biochemical analysis instrument that automates the steps of sampling, adding reagents, mixing, insulating reaction, detection, result calculation and display, and cleaning during the analysis process. Due to its high degree of automation and calibration and automatic correction functions, the subjective errors and systematic errors are relatively small and it is easy to use.
2. Working principle of fully automatic biochemical analyzer
Spectrophotometry, its basic measurement principle is based on Beer's law.

3. Quick troubleshooting method for automatic biochemical analyzer
For large equipment such as biochemical analyzers, if we can understand the principle of the machine and conduct block searches, we can quickly detect faults.
1. Realization conditions
If you want to quickly eliminate equipment faults, you must first master the principles; secondly, you must have a complete set of maintenance procedures; thirdly, clinical engineers must have a strong sense of responsibility, and it is best to ensure that they have maintenance data technically.
2. Divide the biochemical analyzer into blocks
At present, the biochemical analyzers on the market, whether imported or domestic, may use different detection principles, but the basic modules are similar. The most important thing is that the circuits of this equipment rarely have problems, so they can be repaired quickly. The possibility is relatively high. Generally speaking, the hardware of various biochemical analyzers can be divided into three major parts: one is the optical system; the other is the liquid distribution and transmission system; the third is the temperature control system. These three major systems are connected to the computer through relevant circuits, and parameter selection operations are performed through software editing. Therefore, when a user encounters a problem, he first determines which system the problem may occur in. Achieve rapid positioning. Under normal circumstances, there are few circuit problems, mostly problems with the optical system and distribution system, followed by the DC power supply system. The light energy detector in the optical system is generally closed, almost cannot be disassembled, and has a long life. Generally, the most problematic part is the light path from the light bulb through the condenser through the reactant in the cuvette to the adapter lens. Among them, the most common problem is the aging of the light bulb. In some devices, there will be an alarm prompt for insufficient light. According to the prompt content, it is helpful to quickly locate.
The distribution system is relatively complex. There are many pipelines in this part, and its modules can be subdivided into three parts: one is reagent distribution; the other is sample distribution; and the third is cleaning. Specifically wrapped pipes, deionized water, mixers, turntables, dispensing needles, cleaning arms, mechanism arms, syringe pumps, etc. Problems such as air leakage, inaccurate sample aspiration, and blockage of pipes and needle holes may occur in this part. The length of pinhole cleaning time can be programmed. Generally, when doing strong acid and strong alkali projects, they must be edited separately. It is best to have other weak acid and alkali projects in the middle to form a buffer, and the quality of pure water during flushing is also very important. The requirements for water quality are generally reverse osmosis water of grade two or above, and the water resistivity is required to be above 1MQ.
The software functions of the biochemical analyzer mainly cover three aspects: First, it provides users with an operation interface to implement editing, sample/reagent settings, project application and execution, result output and historical record query, etc.; second, it controls the work of each part of the instrument. , realize various biochemical analysis methods and some auxiliary functions. For a biochemical analyzer, the higher the degree of automation, the stronger the function of the instrument; The third is the analysis, processing and calculation of data, such as patient information and raw data storage, Laboratory result summary report, out-of-control report, quality control data calculation and drawing, quality control retrospective inspection and analysis, quality control substance and quality control data management, etc.
3. Fault location
Adopt corresponding processing strategies. Based on the above analysis, you can be aware of common equipment faults, which will make maintenance easier and speed up problem solving.
Troubleshooting any kind of fault actually has levels. One is from high to low, that is, starting from the big principles and dividing functions into functional blocks as mentioned earlier. The other is from low to high, that is, starting from the most direct fault symptoms. Some problems are relatively simple, and many machines have error reporting functions. You can directly find the fault point according to the prompts. If there is a problem with the light source, if the bulb is broken, just replace it. There is no need to classify functions from beginning to end. It depends on the actual performance and hypocrisy of the fault.
During the positioning process, make full use of the machine's self-alarm information. However, sometimes the error message is not the direct cause of the fault, and it must be analyzed based on specific principles. Another way to quickly determine the hardware and software faults of the equipment is to determine whether the equipment has a software problem or a hardware problem based on the repeatability of the instrument inspection results. If the repeatability is poor, it indicates that there may be a problem with the machine hardware; otherwise, it indicates that there is no problem with the machine itself, and the technical files may need to be re-edited.
4. DC power supply system.
Power supply system: Most of the current medical equipment power supply systems (excluding old models) use switching power supplies. The switching power supplies mainly include full-bridge rectifier circuits, starting circuits, switch excitation circuits, voltage stabilization control circuits, output rectification filter circuits and It is composed of various protection circuits, special (inverter, intelligent) circuits, etc. As long as you are familiar with the working principle of the power supply, you can easily troubleshoot the power supply failure. Pay special attention to the purity of the output voltage and voltage value and other parameters. When a machine fails, the power supply voltage should be checked first according to the fault point. Sometimes, the repair effect can be achieved to a great extent.
5. Maintenance summary
When repairing various medical equipment, especially large-scale equipment, you must understand the principles before repairing. Because it involves a lot of knowledge, functional segmentation and positioning are the keys to rapid repair.
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